Sunday, December 16, 2012

Symmetry with Black Holes?

           Some interesting news was reported on December 13 2012 in regard to black holes and symmetry. And if you don't feel like clicking the link, I will explain it here. But first I will start with the basics.
          A black hole is created when a sun of great mass, collapse on itself. Once it compresses, the gravity at one point in space is so large that a black hole is created. The black hole's gravity is so strong that not even light can escape it. And naturally since light can't even escape a black hole, it is invisible to the human eye. So that begs the question how does one see them. Well, there are multiple methods of doing that. One has a scientist looking at how things around the black hole are affected, but another uses special telescopes that can sense gamma rays, like the Swift satellite and Fermi Gamma-ray space telescope. These are used to detect the jets or beams that come out of the black hole. But wait a minute, you might be thinking how do these "gamma rays" escape a black hole when even light can't. Well, think of these gamma ray beams or GRBs are an energy release of a black hole.

Astronomers examining the properties of black hole jets compared 54 gamma-ray bursts with 234 active galaxies classified as blazars and quasars. Surprisingly, the power and brightness of the jets share striking similarities despite a wide range of black hole mass, age and environment. Regardless of these differences, the jets produce light by tapping into similar percentages of the kinetic energy of particles moving along the jet, suggesting a common underlying physical cause. (Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center)

Since matter and energy can not be created or destroyed, everything a black hole absorbs has to go somewhere. And as gamma ray aren't really affected by anything, they have no problem getting away from a black hole. However, as interesting as this may sound, I have not got to the cool part yet. If gamma rays are a result of black holes releasing energy, why then do they almost always share the same characteristics no matter the black hole they come from?  This is what has astronomers stumped. A team of scientists examined 54 different GRBs from many different blazars and quasars and found that no matter what, the release of gamma ray jets are always the same. This is yet another example of natural symmetry.  The article then states that the scientists hope to discover more about this phenomenon and I hope they do. Thanks for reading.

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